Jenkins - 安装并启动Jenkins

1 - 关于Jenkins

构建流水线（build pipeline）工具Jenkins可以轻松地定义和管理各种各样的操作（构建、测试等），并将这些操作像管道pipe一样自由地进行组合，从而自动、流畅地执行一系列处理。

• 将操作以项目project为单位整合并运行，操作简洁
• 消除手工操作，安全可靠
• 保留执行记录和结果，有助于故障排查

安装使用方式

Jenkins的有多种安装使用方式，可以根据具体环境和需求来选择。
在官网Download界面:https://jenkins.io/zh/download/
可以看到不同的安装方式，点击选择适合的安装方式，按照文档的说明安装即可

2 - Java包方式

操作步骤：https://jenkins.io/zh/doc/pipeline/tour/getting-started/

2.1 安装Java和下载war包

yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
war包下载地址：mirrors.jenkins.io/war-stable/latest/jenkins.war
或者从官网Download页面:https://jenkins.io/zh/download/
点击选择“Generic Java package (.war)”下载

2.2 检查准备条件

[root@localhost zzz]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_161"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b14, mixed mode)
[root@localhost zzz]# 
[root@localhost zzz]# ls -l jenkins.war 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 78243424 Nov 20 16:41 jenkins.war

2.3 参数列表

# java -jar jenkins.war --help
Running from: /root/zzz/jenkins.war
webroot: $user.home/.jenkins
Jenkins Automation Server Engine 2.190.2
Usage: java -jar jenkins.war [--option=value] [--option=value]Options:--webroot                = folder where the WAR file is expanded into. Default is ${JENKINS_HOME}/war--pluginroot             = folder where the plugin archives are expanded into. Default is ${JENKINS_HOME}/plugins(NOTE: this option does not change the directory where the plugin archives are stored)--extractedFilesFolder   = folder where extracted files are to be located. Default is the temp folder--daemon                 = fork into background and run as daemon (Unix only)--logfile                = redirect log messages to this file--enable-future-java     = allows running with new Java versions which are not fully supported (class version 52 and above)--javaHome               = Override the JAVA_HOME variable--toolsJar               = The location of tools.jar. Default is JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar--config                 = load configuration properties from here. Default is ./winstone.properties--prefix                 = add this prefix to all URLs (eg http://localhost:8080/prefix/resource). Default is none--commonLibFolder        = folder for additional jar files. Default is ./lib--extraLibFolder         = folder for additional jar files to add to Jetty classloader--logThrowingLineNo      = show the line no that logged the message (slow). Default is false--logThrowingThread      = show the thread that logged the message. Default is false--debug                  = set the level of debug msgs (1-9). Default is 5 (INFO level)--httpPort               = set the http listening port. -1 to disable, Default is 8080--httpListenAddress      = set the http listening address. Default is all interfaces--httpKeepAliveTimeout   = how long idle HTTP keep-alive connections are kept around (in ms; default 5000)?--httpsPort              = set the https listening port. -1 to disable, Default is disabled--httpsListenAddress     = set the https listening address. Default is all interfaces--httpsKeepAliveTimeout  = how long idle HTTPS keep-alive connections are kept around (in ms; default 5000)?--httpsKeyStore          = the location of the SSL KeyStore file. Default is ./winstone.ks--httpsKeyStorePassword  = the password for the SSL KeyStore file. Default is null--httpsKeyManagerType    = the SSL KeyManagerFactory type (eg SunX509, IbmX509). Default is SunX509--httpsPrivateKey        = this switch with --httpsCertificate can be used to run HTTPS with OpenSSL secret key/ --httpsCertificate     file and the corresponding certificate file--http2Port              = set the http2 listening port. -1 to disable, Default is disabled--http2ListenAddress     = set the http2 listening address. Default is all interfaces--excludeCipherSuites    = set the ciphers to exclude (comma separated, use blank quote " " to exclude none) (default is// Exclude weak / insecure ciphers "^.*_(MD5|SHA|SHA1)$", // Exclude ciphers that don't support forward secrecy "^TLS_RSA_.*$", // The following exclusions are present to cleanup known bad cipher // suites that may be accidentally included via include patterns. // The default enabled cipher list in Java will not include these // (but they are available in the supported list). "^SSL_.*$", "^.*_NULL_.*$", "^.*_anon_.*$" --controlPort            = set the shutdown/control port. -1 to disable, Default disabled--useJasper              = enable jasper JSP handling (true/false). Default is false--sessionTimeout         = set the http session timeout value in minutes. Default to what webapp specifies, and then to 60 minutes--sessionEviction        = set the session eviction timeout for idle sessions in seconds. Default value is 180. -1 never evict, 0 evict on exit--mimeTypes=ARG          = define additional MIME type mappings. ARG would be EXT=MIMETYPE:EXT=MIMETYPE:...(e.g., xls=application/vnd.ms-excel:wmf=application/x-msmetafile)--maxParamCount=N        = set the max number of parameters allowed in a form submission to protectagainst hash DoS attack (oCERT #2011-003). Default is 10000.--useJmx                 = Enable Jetty Jmx--qtpMaxThreadsCount     = max threads number when using Jetty Queued Thread Pool--jettyAcceptorsCount    = Jetty Acceptors number--jettySelectorsCount    = Jetty Selectors number--usage / --help         = show this messageSecurity options:--realmClassName               = Set the realm class to use for user authentication. Defaults to ArgumentsRealm class--argumentsRealm.passwd.<user> = Password for user <user>. Only valid for the ArgumentsRealm realm class--argumentsRealm.roles.<user>  = Roles for user <user> (comma separated). Only valid for the ArgumentsRealm realm class--fileRealm.configFile         = File containing users/passwds/roles. Only valid for the FileRealm realm classAccess logging:--accessLoggerClassName        = Set the access logger class to use for user authentication. Defaults to disabled--simpleAccessLogger.format    = The log format to use. Supports combined/common/resin/custom (SimpleAccessLogger only)--simpleAccessLogger.file      = The location pattern for the log file(SimpleAccessLogger only)

特别说明:

直接启动WAR包没办法改主目录  Windows环境更改Jenkins的主目录
Windows环境中，Jenkins主目录默认在C:\Documents and Settings\AAA\.jenkins 。
可以通过设置环境变量来修改，例如： JENKINS_HOME=C:\jenkins，然后重新启动jenkins。

2.4 设置防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost zzz]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)target: defaulticmp-block-inversion: nointerfaces: enp0s3 enp0s8sources: services: ssh dhcpv6-clientports: 8080/tcpprotocols: masquerade: noforward-ports: source-ports: icmp-blocks: rich rules: 

2.5 运行

[root@localhost ~]# cd zzz
[root@localhost zzz]# ll
total 76412
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root      120 Nov 20 13:25 ansible-playbook-sample
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 78243424 Nov 20 16:41 jenkins.war
[root@node101 zzz]# export JENKINS_HOME="/root/zzz/"
[root@localhost zzz]# java -jar jenkins.war --httpListenAddress=192.168.16.101 --httpPort=8080

可以在通过jar包直接启动前设置环境变量JENKINS_HOME为所需要的目录。
启动可能需要几分钟，耐心等待。

3 - 本地安装方式

以CentOS7.5为例。

3.1 安装

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/system-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) 
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
--2019-11-20 23:14:33--  https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
Resolving pkg.jenkins.io (pkg.jenkins.io)... 52.202.51.185
Connecting to pkg.jenkins.io (pkg.jenkins.io)|52.202.51.185|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 85
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo’100%[===================================================================================================================================================>] 85          --.-K/s   in 0s      2019-11-20 23:14:39 (21.7 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo’ saved [85/85][root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install jenkins
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* base: centos.mirror.far.fi* epel: epel.besthosting.ua* extras: centos.mirror.far.fi* updates: centos.mirror.far.fi
jenkins                                                               | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
jenkins/primary_db                                                    |  29 kB  00:00:01     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package jenkins.noarch 0:2.176.3-1.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=============================================================================================Package             Arch               Version                    Repository           Size
=============================================================================================
Installing:jenkins             noarch             2.176.3-1.1                jenkins              74 MTransaction Summary
=============================================================================================
Install  1 PackageTotal download size: 74 M
Installed size: 74 M
Downloading packages:
jenkins-2.176.3-1.1.noarch.rpm                                        |  74 MB  00:01:54     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transactionInstalling : jenkins-2.176.3-1.1.noarch                                                1/1 Verifying  : jenkins-2.176.3-1.1.noarch                                                1/1 Installed:jenkins.noarch 0:2.176.3-1.1                                                               Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# 

3.2 关闭防火墙

为了避免网络不通，这里是简单粗暴地直接关闭了防火墙。
注意：如果安装使用了iptables，要注意对应的设置。

[root@localhost zzz]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost zzz]# 
[root@localhost zzz]# systemctl status firewalld.service |grep ActiveActive: inactive (dead) since Wed 2019-11-20 23:07:17 CST; 32s ago
[root@localhost zzz]# 

3.3 配置与运行

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/jenkins |grep ADDRESS
JENKINS_LISTEN_ADDRESS="192.168.16.101"
JENKINS_HTTPS_LISTEN_ADDRESS="192.168.16.101"
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/jenkins |grep PORT
JENKINS_PORT="8080"
JENKINS_HTTPS_PORT="8081"
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start jenkins.service
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ps -aux |grep -i jenkins
jenkins   3829  175  4.5 4653472 363876 ?      Ssl  23:39   0:17 /etc/alternatives/java -Dcom.sun.akuma.Daemon=daemonized -Djava.awt.headless=true -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins -jar /usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war --logfile=/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log --webroot=/var/cache/jenkins/war --daemon --httpPort=8080 --httpListenAddress=192.168.16.101 --httpsPort=8081 --httpsListenAddress=192.168.16.101 --debug=5 --handlerCountMax=100 --handlerCountMaxIdle=20
root      3884  0.0  0.0 112704   996 pts/0    R+   23:39   0:00 grep --color=auto -i jenkins
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation ServerLoaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-11-20 23:39:04 CST; 20s agoDocs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)Process: 3806 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Tasks: 43CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service└─3829 /etc/alternatives/java -Dcom.sun.akuma.Daemon=daemonized -Djava.awt.headless=true -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins -jar /usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war --logfile=/var/log/j...Nov 20 23:39:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
Nov 20 23:39:04 localhost.localdomain runuser[3811]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)
Nov 20 23:39:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.
Nov 20 23:39:04 localhost.localdomain jenkins[3806]: Starting Jenkins [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# 

Jenkins在安装时会自动在Linux系统中创建jenkins账户，没有初始密码，可以通过sudo passwd jenkins命令指定jenkins用户的密码。

4 - 一些基础配置

4.1 解锁Jenkins

4.2 插件安装

新用户可以选择安装推荐的插件，后续根据需要安装其他插件

4.3 创建用户

4.4 实例配置

4.5 开始使用

进入起始界面

重新登录

5 - 问题处理

5.1 启动Jenkins后一直显示等待页面

启动Jenkins后，长时间显示“Please wait while Jenkins is getting ready to work ...”，无反应。

处理方法

进入jenkins的工作目录，打开 hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml，
把http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/update-center.json 改成http://mirror.xmission.com/jenkins/updates/update-center.json，然后重启jenkins。

[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/jenkins
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins 1640 Nov 20 23:48 config.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins  156 Nov 20 23:39 hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
-rw------- 1 jenkins jenkins 1712 Nov 20 23:39 identity.key.enc
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins    7 Nov 20 23:39 jenkins.install.UpgradeWizard.state
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins  171 Nov 20 23:39 jenkins.telemetry.Correlator.xml
drwxr-xr-x 2 jenkins jenkins    6 Nov 20 23:39 jobs
drwxr-xr-x 3 jenkins jenkins   19 Nov 20 23:39 logs
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins  907 Nov 20 23:39 nodeMonitors.xml
drwxr-xr-x 2 jenkins jenkins    6 Nov 20 23:39 nodes
drwxr-xr-x 2 jenkins jenkins    6 Nov 20 23:39 plugins
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins   64 Nov 20 23:39 secret.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 jenkins jenkins    0 Nov 20 23:39 secret.key.not-so-secret
drwx------ 4 jenkins jenkins  265 Nov 20 23:39 secrets
drwxr-xr-x 2 jenkins jenkins   67 Nov 20 23:48 updates
drwxr-xr-x 2 jenkins jenkins   24 Nov 20 23:39 userContent
drwxr-xr-x 3 jenkins jenkins   55 Nov 20 23:39 users
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml 
<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<sites><site><id>default</id><url>http://mirror.xmission.com/jenkins/updates/update-center.json</url></site>
</sites>
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop jenkins.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start jenkins.service

5.2 插件的安装配置的环节提示失败

------------------------------------------------------docker安装------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

1 - 官网信息

• 操作步骤：https://jenkins.io/zh/doc/book/installing/#docker
• Docker映像地址：https://hub.docker.com/r/jenkins/jenkins

官网建议

• 建议使用的Docker映像是jenkinsci/blueocean image(来自 the Docker Hub repository)
• jenkinsci/blueocean：https://hub.docker.com/r/jenkinsci/blueocean/
• 该镜像包含当前的长期支持 (LTS) 的Jenkins版本 （可以投入使用） ，捆绑了所有Blue Ocean插件和功能。这意味着你不需要单独安装Blue Ocean插件。

回到顶部

2 - 在64位的CentOS7.5中安装Docker

[root@test102 ~]# cat /etc/system-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) 
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# uname -a
Linux test102 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@test102 ~]# 

2.1 准备工作

sudo yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine  # 卸载旧版本的Docker 
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2  # 安装必要的包
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  # 设置稳定的仓库
sudo yum makecache fast  # 更新yum安装包索引

2.2 安装Docker CE

[root@test102 ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.5-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2:2.74 for package: 3:docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: containerd.io >= 1.2.2-3 for package: 3:docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: docker-ce-cli for package: 3:docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package container-selinux.noarch 2:2.107-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.2.10-3.2.el7 will be installed
---> Package docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:19.03.5-3.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved==================================================================================================================Package                       Arch               Version                      Repository                    Size
==================================================================================================================
Installing:docker-ce                     x86_64             3:19.03.5-3.el7              docker-ce-stable              24 M
Installing for dependencies:container-selinux             noarch             2:2.107-3.el7                extras                        39 kcontainerd.io                 x86_64             1.2.10-3.2.el7               docker-ce-stable              23 Mdocker-ce-cli                 x86_64             1:19.03.5-3.el7              docker-ce-stable              39 MTransaction Summary
==================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)Total size: 87 M
Total download size: 87 M
Installed size: 362 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for docker-ce-stable
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY
Public key for docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/3): docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                  |  24 MB  00:00:08     
(2/3): docker-ce-cli-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                              |  39 MB  00:00:08     
(3/3): containerd.io-1.2.10-3.2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                             |  23 MB  00:00:39     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                             2.2 MB/s |  87 MB  00:00:39     
Retrieving key from https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
Importing GPG key 0x621E9F35:Userid     : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>"Fingerprint: 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35From       : https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transactionInstalling : 2:container-selinux-2.107-3.el7.noarch                                                         1/4 
setsebool:  SELinux is disabled.Installing : containerd.io-1.2.10-3.2.el7.x86_64                                                            2/4 Installing : 1:docker-ce-cli-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                           3/4 Installing : 3:docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                               4/4 Verifying  : containerd.io-1.2.10-3.2.el7.x86_64                                                            1/4 Verifying  : 1:docker-ce-cli-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                           2/4 Verifying  : 2:container-selinux-2.107-3.el7.noarch                                                         3/4 Verifying  : 3:docker-ce-19.03.5-3.el7.x86_64                                                               4/4 Installed:docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.5-3.el7                                                                                Dependency Installed:container-selinux.noarch 2:2.107-3.el7                   containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.2.10-3.2.el7                  docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:19.03.5-3.el7                    Complete!
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - CommunityVersion:           19.03.5API version:       1.40Go version:        go1.12.12Git commit:        633a0eaBuilt:             Wed Nov 13 07:25:41 2019OS/Arch:           linux/amd64Experimental:      falseServer: Docker Engine - CommunityEngine:Version:          19.03.5API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)Go version:       go1.12.12Git commit:       633a0eaBuilt:            Wed Nov 13 07:24:18 2019OS/Arch:          linux/amd64Experimental:     falsecontainerd:Version:          1.2.10GitCommit:        b34a5c8af56e510852c35414db4c1f4fa6172339runc:Version:          1.0.0-rc8+devGitCommit:        3e425f80a8c931f88e6d94a8c831b9d5aa481657docker-init:Version:          0.18.0GitCommit:        fec3683
[root@test102 ~]#

2.3 设置Docker加速器

[root@test102 ~]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
> "registry-mirrors": ["https://t5t8q6wn.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
> EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://t5t8q6wn.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@test102 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@test102 ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@test102 ~]# 

2.4 Docker安装验证

[root@test102 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
1b930d010525: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:4df8ca8a7e309c256d60d7971ea14c27672fc0d10c5f303856d7bc48f8cc17ff
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latestHello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.(amd64)3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs theexecutable that produces the output you are currently reading.4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent itto your terminal.To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:$ docker run -it ubuntu bashShare images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:https://hub.docker.com/For more examples and ideas, visit:https://docs.docker.com/get-started/[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
19546c1ca621        hello-world         "/hello"            16 seconds ago      Exited (0) 15 seconds ago                       sad_blackwell
[root@test102 ~]# 

2.4 Docker服务并设为自启动

[root@test102 ~]# systemctl start docker.service
[root@test102 ~]# systemctl enable docker.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@test102 ~]# systemctl is-enabled docker.service
enabled
[root@test102 ~]# 

回到顶部

3 - 在Docker中下载并运行Jenkins

3.1 命令解释

docker run \-u root \--rm \  # 关闭时自动删此容器-d \  # 在后台运行容器（即“分离”模式）并输出容器ID，否则在终端窗口中输出正在运行的此容器的Docker日志-p 8080:8080 \  # 映射主机端口（第一个数字8080）和容器端口（后一个数字8080），用于HTTP访问-p 50000:50000 \  # 映射主机端口（第一个数字50000）和容器端口（后一个数字50000），用于连接Agent-v jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home \  # 将Jenkins的Home目录映射到本地-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \  # 允许容器与Docker守护进程通信jenkinsci/blueocean

官方解释

3.2 实例日志

docker run \--name myjenkins \-u root \--rm \-p 8080:8080 \-p 50000:50000 \-v /tmp/jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home \-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \jenkinsci/blueocean

注意：

• 这里未使用"-d"参数（“分离”模式），在终端窗口中输出正在运行容器的日志
• 使用了“--rm”参数，容器关闭时自动删除此容器

[root@test102 ~]# docker run \
>   --name myjenkins \
>   -u root \
>   --rm \
>   -p 8080:8080 \
>   -p 50000:50000 \
>   -v /tmp/jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home \
>   -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
>   jenkinsci/blueocean
Unable to find image 'jenkinsci/blueocean:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from jenkinsci/blueocean
e7c96db7181b: Pull complete 
f910a506b6cb: Pull complete 
c2274a1a0e27: Pull complete 
5dadea4e5dc9: Pull complete 
ddff34f6888c: Pull complete 
6325ec240a5a: Pull complete 
aafdbaf978bf: Pull complete 
77ce12b9b082: Pull complete 
ad85b96d7a1a: Pull complete 
e8e1db65bde5: Pull complete 
ba8b3acaf216: Pull complete 
b4281f8e209d: Pull complete 
1709e0fb441a: Pull complete 
277bd533660c: Pull complete 
38efc0a28db4: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0daeb28ca91305c0eb0c2bafcb82c561e5592663b8538eedfbc7d861b69585e8
Status: Downloaded newer image for jenkinsci/blueocean:latest
Running from: /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2019-12-03 08:00:17.523+0000 [id=1]	INFO	org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @535ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2019-12-03 08:00:17.668+0000 [id=1]	INFO	winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2019-12-03 08:00:19.025+0000 [id=1]	WARNING	o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2019-12-03 08:00:19.094+0000 [id=1]	INFO	org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.z-SNAPSHOT; built: 2019-05-02T00:04:53.875Z; git: e1bc35120a6617ee3df052294e433f3a25ce7097; jvm 1.8.0_212-b04
2019-12-03 08:00:19.495+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2019-12-03 08:00:19.587+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2019-12-03 08:00:19.587+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2019-12-03 08:00:19.593+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
Jenkins home directory: /var/jenkins_home found at: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2019-12-03 08:00:20.457+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@5f7f2382{Jenkins v2.190.3,/,file:///var/jenkins_home/war/,AVAILABLE}{/var/jenkins_home/war}
2019-12-03 08:00:20.504+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@1972e513{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2019-12-03 08:00:20.505+0000 [id=1]	INFO	org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @3518ms
2019-12-03 08:00:20.518+0000 [id=20]	INFO	winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine v4.0 running: controlPort=disabled
2019-12-03 08:00:21.992+0000 [id=27]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2019-12-03 08:00:22.634+0000 [id=25]	INFO	hudson.PluginManager#considerDetachedPlugin: Loading a detached plugin as a dependency: /var/jenkins_home/plugins/bouncycastle-api.jpi
2019-12-03 08:00:22.716+0000 [id=25]	INFO	hudson.PluginManager#considerDetachedPlugin: Loading a detached plugin as a dependency: /var/jenkins_home/plugins/command-launcher.jpi
2019-12-03 08:00:22.733+0000 [id=25]	INFO	hudson.PluginManager#considerDetachedPlugin: Loading a detached plugin as a dependency: /var/jenkins_home/plugins/jdk-tool.jpi
2019-12-03 08:00:24.591+0000 [id=25]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2019-12-03 08:00:24.683+0000 [id=25]	INFO	j.b.a.SecurityProviderInitializer#addSecurityProvider: Initializing Bouncy Castle security provider.
2019-12-03 08:00:24.987+0000 [id=25]	INFO	j.b.a.SecurityProviderInitializer#addSecurityProvider: Bouncy Castle security provider initialized.
2019-12-03 08:00:35.279+0000 [id=25]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2019-12-03 08:00:35.296+0000 [id=25]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2019-12-03 08:00:38.069+0000 [id=27]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2019-12-03 08:00:38.112+0000 [id=25]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2019-12-03 08:00:38.182+0000 [id=42]	INFO	hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1#run: Started Download metadata
2019-12-03 08:00:38.243+0000 [id=42]	INFO	hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2019-12-03 08:00:39.001+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@6534890: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Tue Dec 03 08:00:39 GMT 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-12-03 08:00:39.002+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@6534890]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@42e1194a
2019-12-03 08:00:39.029+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@42e1194a: defining beans [authenticationManager]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-12-03 08:00:39.268+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@18d10aa: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Tue Dec 03 08:00:39 GMT 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-12-03 08:00:39.268+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@18d10aa]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@316aaed1
2019-12-03 08:00:39.269+0000 [id=27]	INFO	o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@316aaed1: defining beans [filter,legacy]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-12-03 08:00:39.641+0000 [id=27]	INFO	jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init: *************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:c915d38b874a47bbacee5ad982f1f62aThis may also be found at: /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************2019-12-03 08:02:29.482+0000 [id=27]	INFO	hudson.model.UpdateSite#updateData: Obtained the latest update center data file for UpdateSource default
2019-12-03 08:02:30.045+0000 [id=27]	INFO	jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Completed initialization
2019-12-03 08:02:30.110+0000 [id=19]	INFO	hudson.WebAppMain$3#run: Jenkins is fully up and running
2019-12-03 08:02:48.882+0000 [id=13]	INFO	o.k.s.LocaleDrivenResourceProvider#getLocaleDrivenResourceProviders: Registered LocaleDrivenResourceProvider: jenkins.MetaLocaleDrivenResourceProvider@1397b8b2
......
......
......

启动日志的“Jenkins is fully up and running”信息表明Jenkins启动成功。
在浏览器中，打开“http://192.168.16.102:8080”，可以看到Jenkins初始界面，根据提示逐步操作即可。

启动容器时对容器做了存储卷的映射，因此容器中“/var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword”文件，对应在主机中的位置为：/tmp/jenkins-data/secrets/initialAdminPassword

[root@test102 ~]# ll /tmp/jenkins-data/
total 60
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1643 Dec  3 16:02 config.xml
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3972 Dec  3 16:00 copy_reference_file.log
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   156 Dec  3 16:00 hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   370 Dec  3 16:00 hudson.plugins.git.GitTool.xml
-rw-------  1 root root  1712 Dec  3 16:00 identity.key.enc
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     7 Dec  3 16:00 jenkins.install.UpgradeWizard.state
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   171 Dec  3 16:00 jenkins.telemetry.Correlator.xml
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     6 Dec  3 16:00 jobs
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root    37 Dec  3 16:00 logs
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   907 Dec  3 16:00 nodeMonitors.xml
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     6 Dec  3 16:00 nodes
drwxr-xr-x 88 root root 16384 Dec  3 16:00 plugins
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    64 Dec  3 16:00 secret.key
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     0 Dec  3 16:00 secret.key.not-so-secret
drwx------  4 root root   265 Dec  3 16:00 secrets
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    67 Dec  3 16:03 updates
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    24 Dec  3 16:00 userContent
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root    55 Dec  3 16:00 users
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root  4096 Dec  3 16:00 war
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     6 Dec  3 16:00 workflow-libs
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# ll /tmp/jenkins-data/secrets/initialAdminPassword 
-rw-r----- 1 root root 33 Dec  3 16:00 /tmp/jenkins-data/secrets/initialAdminPassword
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# cat /tmp/jenkins-data/secrets/initialAdminPassword
c915d38b874a47bbacee5ad982f1f62a
[root@test102 ~]# 

回到顶部

4 - 常用操作

4.1 查看镜像与容器的普通信息

[root@test102 ~]# docker images  # 查看镜像
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
jenkinsci/blueocean   latest              91e1493abbf8        21 hours ago        563MB
hello-world           latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker ps -a  # 查看所有容器服务的状态
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                                              NAMES
78036934ad20        jenkinsci/blueocean   "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   25 minutes ago      Up 25 minutes                  0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp   myjenkins
19546c1ca621        hello-world           "/hello"                 About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                                                      sad_blackwell
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker port 78036934ad20  # 查看端口映射
50000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:50000
8080/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8080
[root@test102 ~]# 
[root@test102 ~]# docker port myjenkins  # 查看端口映射
50000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:50000
8080/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8080
[root@test102 ~]# 

4.2 查看容器的具体信息

[root@test102 ~]# docker inspect myjenkins
[{"Id": "78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974","Created": "2019-12-03T08:00:15.497081807Z","Path": "/sbin/tini","Args": ["--","/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"],"State": {"Status": "running","Running": true,"Paused": false,"Restarting": false,"OOMKilled": false,"Dead": false,"Pid": 15400,"ExitCode": 0,"Error": "","StartedAt": "2019-12-03T08:00:16.006108568Z","FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"},"Image": "sha256:91e1493abbf88ddd48fc964290ac366068312d62632bbf6136017ff9597ed7b0","ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974/resolv.conf","HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974/hostname","HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974/hosts","LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974/78036934ad206d1858ba6abf0465eddd187bda21ef755c63472345cfc1039974-json.log","Name": "/myjenkins","RestartCount": 0,"Driver": "overlay2","Platform": "linux","MountLabel": "","ProcessLabel": "","AppArmorProfile": "","ExecIDs": null,"HostConfig": {"Binds": ["/tmp/jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home","/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"],"ContainerIDFile": "","LogConfig": {"Type": "json-file","Config": {}},"NetworkMode": "default","PortBindings": {"50000/tcp": [{"HostIp": "","HostPort": "50000"}],"8080/tcp": [{"HostIp": "","HostPort": "8080"}]},"RestartPolicy": {"Name": "no","MaximumRetryCount": 0},"AutoRemove": true,"VolumeDriver": "","VolumesFrom": null,"CapAdd": null,"CapDrop": null,"Capabilities": null,"Dns": [],"DnsOptions": [],"DnsSearch": [],"ExtraHosts": null,"GroupAdd": null,"IpcMode": "private","Cgroup": "","Links": null,"OomScoreAdj": 0,"PidMode": "","Privileged": false,"PublishAllPorts": false,"ReadonlyRootfs": false,"SecurityOpt": null,"UTSMode": "","UsernsMode": "","ShmSize": 67108864,"Runtime": "runc","ConsoleSize": [0,0],"Isolation": "","CpuShares": 0,"Memory": 0,"NanoCpus": 0,"CgroupParent": "","BlkioWeight": 0,"BlkioWeightDevice": [],"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,"CpuPeriod": 0,"CpuQuota": 0,"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,"CpusetCpus": "","CpusetMems": "","Devices": [],"DeviceCgroupRules": null,"DeviceRequests": null,"KernelMemory": 0,"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,"MemoryReservation": 0,"MemorySwap": 0,"MemorySwappiness": null,"OomKillDisable": false,"PidsLimit": null,"Ulimits": null,"CpuCount": 0,"CpuPercent": 0,"IOMaximumIOps": 0,"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,"MaskedPaths": ["/proc/asound","/proc/acpi","/proc/kcore","/proc/keys","/proc/latency_stats","/proc/timer_list","/proc/timer_stats","/proc/sched_debug","/proc/scsi","/sys/firmware"],"ReadonlyPaths": ["/proc/bus","/proc/fs","/proc/irq","/proc/sys","/proc/sysrq-trigger"]},"GraphDriver": {"Data": {"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/55e0817f8e761cb684d35f2ce5feb4238e1a9a3ca486c4b16fb4a386ec23ceb1-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1a25f690174a4ecba9435a6a5528d5e9adc821a4fc248151e54b601e47e47281/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d81c6252acc84a0faa6e37da1ca87faef73ea41af03d68d82afc810329b8abcd/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/474ed0b65f0d36cf4d073d314488e11b9f31d5eb640a4674b90a1e2d33b0b891/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1e95d0b0ed60ddd731fa523b41c6214a20d157cf8399016a1901dd9f791ae93b/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a7644a7b563a110a3ca7eb8f6b60307b20f0bd038530d27d0a185c058aa93373/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/231a156aa066ccc3de13e97587c059c7c18f44f012a0364ab7b0c87386e69439/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/93c60b34e89af618cf10b393c9dcf558a96cd282a470be0c18ace44726decc4a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/505c429c0936d3636d437aba0cdb83cc3ffe4f3f6ce495d083496f4f849d2c32/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ec4710e1f09ee7944a3386b7a529725c863f51f52b8605586519612380a96c90/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7abee2a8ff463e8c62c6edf44098deeab3b2d32078660e8b8aee8a26799ac0d2/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81af0bc594c57e6693dd6434bcce36300b474b29081f4b96df0e33e03dd7ac1f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a72d57bccbd3aa8e285584a1a2512b8cacf5e1309566c3c5cc948293d80ef66f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/261b47b3e428105adebfc4d47d336fda9a242321023f564db3b0a18fe1f27619/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d2feafc9517cc02d67cb76483dbe6920bfae0dae76d211a5d37fb73aee4f4ea/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/45e9d4c91b0883b25f4b10f9d15ca4224367246e1b6bcd16c71139aa09130f14/diff","MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/55e0817f8e761cb684d35f2ce5feb4238e1a9a3ca486c4b16fb4a386ec23ceb1/merged","UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/55e0817f8e761cb684d35f2ce5feb4238e1a9a3ca486c4b16fb4a386ec23ceb1/diff","WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/55e0817f8e761cb684d35f2ce5feb4238e1a9a3ca486c4b16fb4a386ec23ceb1/work"},"Name": "overlay2"},"Mounts": [{"Type": "bind","Source": "/tmp/jenkins-data","Destination": "/var/jenkins_home","Mode": "","RW": true,"Propagation": "rprivate"},{"Type": "bind","Source": "/var/run/docker.sock","Destination": "/var/run/docker.sock","Mode": "","RW": true,"Propagation": "rprivate"}],"Config": {"Hostname": "78036934ad20","Domainname": "","User": "root","AttachStdin": false,"AttachStdout": true,"AttachStderr": true,"ExposedPorts": {"50000/tcp": {},"8080/tcp": {}},"Tty": false,"OpenStdin": false,"StdinOnce": false,"Env": ["PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/jre/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/bin","LANG=C.UTF-8","JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk","JAVA_VERSION=8u212","JAVA_ALPINE_VERSION=8.212.04-r0","JENKINS_HOME=/var/jenkins_home","JENKINS_SLAVE_AGENT_PORT=50000","REF=/usr/share/jenkins/ref","JENKINS_VERSION=2.190.3","JENKINS_UC=https://updates.jenkins.io","JENKINS_UC_EXPERIMENTAL=https://updates.jenkins.io/experimental","JENKINS_INCREMENTALS_REPO_MIRROR=https://repo.jenkins-ci.org/incrementals","COPY_REFERENCE_FILE_LOG=/var/jenkins_home/copy_reference_file.log"],"Cmd": null,"Image": "jenkinsci/blueocean","Volumes": {"/var/jenkins_home": {}},"WorkingDir": "","Entrypoint": ["/sbin/tini","--","/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"],"OnBuild": null,"Labels": {}},"NetworkSettings": {"Bridge": "","SandboxID": "fb72238c7db73fa054a04ca44c091e26b925d7ca72a3c777e3c833e548f30cd2","HairpinMode": false,"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "","LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"Ports": {"50000/tcp": [{"HostIp": "0.0.0.0","HostPort": "50000"}],"8080/tcp": [{"HostIp": "0.0.0.0","HostPort": "8080"}]},"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/fb72238c7db7","SecondaryIPAddresses": null,"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,"EndpointID": "d4e29a6d6cdf462518fa0446ba8740ca2eb892e3f7cb37ebce14bbf9eef8d5fd","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","Networks": {"bridge": {"IPAMConfig": null,"Links": null,"Aliases": null,"NetworkID": "e8a514fcda1c301bb8a4797d9316a904a71d1bb9513ee22a25680cfdb01fa4c9","EndpointID": "d4e29a6d6cdf462518fa0446ba8740ca2eb892e3f7cb37ebce14bbf9eef8d5fd","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","DriverOpts": null}}}}
]
[root@test102 ~]# 

4.3 访问容器

通过docker exec命令

[root@test102 ~]# docker exec -it myjenkins bash
bash-4.4# 
bash-4.4# ps 
PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND1 root      0:00 /sbin/tini -- /usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh6 root      1:43 java -Duser.home=/var/jenkins_home -Djenkins.model.Jenkins.slaveAgentPort=50000 -jar /usr/sh1362 root      0:00 bash1371 root      0:00 ps
bash-4.4# uname -a
Linux 78036934ad20 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 GNU/Linux
bash-4.4# 
bash-4.4# exit
exit
[root@test102 ~]# 

4.4 访问Jenkins控制台日志

如果没有指定分离模式选项 -d 来执行docker run 命令， 那么将不在终端窗口中输出正在运行容器的日志
可以通过docker logs命令来访问

[root@test102 ~]# docker logs myjenkins
Running from: /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2019-12-03 08:00:17.523+0000 [id=1]	INFO	org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @535ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2019-12-03 08:00:17.668+0000 [id=1]	INFO	winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2019-12-03 08:00:19.025+0000 [id=1]	WARNING	o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2019-12-03 08:00:19.094+0000 [id=1]	INFO	org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.z-SNAPSHOT; built: 2019-05-02T00:04:53.875Z; git: e1bc35120a6617ee3df052294e433f3a25ce7097; jvm 1.8.0_212-b04
2019-12-03 08:00:19.495+0000 [id=1]	INFO	o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
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4.5 访问Jenkins主目录

如果在执行docker run命令时，指定了-v参数，那么Jenkins主目录（/var/jenkins_home）将映射到本地主机上的指定目录。
可以通过在本地主机直接访问此目录的内容。
例如，容器中/var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword文件对应的是在主机中的/tmp/jenkins-data/secrets/initialAdminPassword文件。