前言
网上使用Python创建一个MCP客户端的教程已经有很多了,而使用C#创建一个MCP客户端的教程还很少。
为什么要创建一个MCP客户端呢?
创建了一个MCP客户端之后,你就可以使用别人写好的一些MCP服务了。
效果展示
为了方便大家复现,我没有使用WPF/Avalonia之类的做界面。只是一个简单的控制台程序,可以很容易看懂。
接入了fetch_mcp可以实现获取网页内容了,使用的模型只要具有tool use能力的应该都可以。
我使用的是Qwen/Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct。
开始实践
主要使用的包如下所示:
首先获取MCP服务器:
private static async Task<IMcpClient> GetMcpClientAsync(){DotEnv.Load();var envVars = DotEnv.Read();McpClientOptions options = new(){ClientInfo = new() { Name = "SimpleToolsConsole", Version = "1.0.0" }};var config = new McpServerConfig{Id = "test",Name = "Test",TransportType = TransportTypes.StdIo,TransportOptions = new Dictionary<string, string>{["command"] = envVars["MCPCommand"],["arguments"] = envVars["MCPArguments"],}};var factory = new McpClientFactory(new[] { config },options,NullLoggerFactory.Instance);return await factory.GetClientAsync("test");}
写死的话就是这样写:
private static async Task<IMcpClient> GetMcpClientAsync(){DotEnv.Load();var envVars = DotEnv.Read();McpClientOptions options = new(){ClientInfo = new() { Name = "SimpleToolsConsole", Version = "1.0.0" }};var config = new McpServerConfig{Id = "test",Name = "Test",TransportType = TransportTypes.StdIo,TransportOptions = new Dictionary<string, string>{["command"] = node,["arguments"] = D:/Learning/AI-related/fetch-mcp/dist/index.js,}};var factory = new McpClientFactory(new[] { config },options,NullLoggerFactory.Instance);return await factory.GetClientAsync("test");}
重点在:
TransportOptions = new Dictionary<string, string>{["command"] = node,["arguments"] = D:/Learning/AI-related/fetch-mcp/dist/index.js,}
用于连接你想连接的MCP服务器。
如果能正确显示你连接mcp服务器提供的工具,说明连接成功。
var listToolsResult = await client.ListToolsAsync();var mappedTools = listToolsResult.Tools.Select(t => t.ToAITool(client)).ToList();Console.WriteLine("Tools available:");foreach (var tool in mappedTools){Console.WriteLine(" " + tool);}
开启一个聊天循环:
Console.WriteLine("\nMCP Client Started!");Console.WriteLine("Type your queries or 'quit' to exit.");ChatDemo chatDemo = new ChatDemo();while (true){try{Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkYellow;Console.Write("\nQuery: ");string query = Console.ReadLine()?.Trim() ?? string.Empty;if (query.ToLower() == "quit")break;if (query.ToLower() == "clear"){Console.Clear();chatDemo.Messages.Clear(); }else {string response = await chatDemo.ProcessQueryAsync(query, mappedTools);Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkYellow;Console.WriteLine($"AI回答:{response}");Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;} }catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine($"\nError: {ex.Message}");}}
}
处理每次询问:
public async Task<string> ProcessQueryAsync(string query, List<AITool> tools){if(Messages.Count == 0){Messages =[// Add a system messagenew(ChatRole.System, "You are a helpful assistant, helping us test MCP server functionality."),];}// Add a user messageMessages.Add(new(ChatRole.User, query));var response = await ChatClient.GetResponseAsync(Messages,new() { Tools = tools });Messages.AddMessages(response);var toolUseMessage = response.Messages.Where(m => m.Role == ChatRole.Tool);if (toolUseMessage.Count() > 0){var functionMessage = response.Messages.Where(m => m.Text == "").First(); var functionCall = (FunctionCallContent)functionMessage.Contents[1];Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;string arguments = "";foreach (var arg in functionCall.Arguments){arguments += $"{arg.Key}:{arg.Value};";}Console.WriteLine($"调用函数名:{functionCall.Name};参数信息:{arguments}");foreach (var message in toolUseMessage){var functionResultContent = (FunctionResultContent)message.Contents[0];Console.WriteLine($"调用工具结果:{functionResultContent.Result}");}Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;}else{Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;Console.WriteLine("本次没有调用工具");Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;}return response.Text;}
代码已经放到GitHub,地址:https://github.com/Ming-jiayou/mcp_demo。
将.env-example修改为.env应该就可以运行,如果报错,设置成嵌入的资源即可。
.env配置示例:
API_KEY=sk-xxx
BaseURL=https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1
ModelID=Qwen/Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct
MCPCommand=node
MCPArguments=D:/Learning/AI-related/fetch-mcp/dist/index.js
最后
对C#使用MCP感兴趣的朋友可以关注这个项目:https://github.com/PederHP/mcpdotnet。
有问题欢迎一起交流学习。