文章目录
- inotify-tools 依赖包
- 使用
- 示例
inotify-tools 依赖包
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# yum install inotify-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Determining fastest mirrors
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Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package inotify-tools.x86_64 0:3.14-9.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=======================================================================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size
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Installing:inotify-tools x86_64 3.14-9.el7 epel 51 kTransaction Summary
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Install 1 PackageTotal download size: 51 k
Installed size: 111 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
inotify-tools-3.14-9.el7.x86_64.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transactionInstalling : inotify-tools-3.14-9.el7.x86_64 1/1Verifying : inotify-tools-3.14-9.el7.x86_64 1/1Installed:inotify-tools.x86_64 0:3.14-9.el7Complete!
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]#使用
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# inotifywait --help
inotifywait 3.14
Wait for a particular event on a file or set of files.
Usage: inotifywait [ options ] file1 [ file2 ] [ file3 ] [ ... ]
Options:-h|--help Show this help text.@<file> Exclude the specified file from being watched.--exclude <pattern>Exclude all events on files matching theextended regular expression <pattern>.--excludei <pattern>Like --exclude but case insensitive.-m|--monitor Keep listening for events forever. Withoutthis option, inotifywait will exit after oneevent is received.-d|--daemon Same as --monitor, except run in the backgroundlogging events to a file specified by --outfile.Implies --syslog.-r|--recursive Watch directories recursively.--fromfile <file>Read files to watch from <file> or `-' for stdin.-o|--outfile <file>Print events to <file> rather than stdout.-s|--syslog Send errors to syslog rather than stderr.-q|--quiet Print less (only print events).-qq Print nothing (not even events).--format <fmt> Print using a specified printf-like formatstring; read the man page for more details.--timefmt <fmt> strftime-compatible format string for use with%T in --format string.-c|--csv Print events in CSV format.-t|--timeout <seconds>When listening for a single event, time out afterwaiting for an event for <seconds> seconds.If <seconds> is 0, inotifywait will never time out.-e|--event <event1> [ -e|--event <event2> ... ]Listen for specific event(s). If omitted, all events arelistened for.Exit status:0 - An event you asked to watch for was received.1 - An event you did not ask to watch for was received(usually delete_self or unmount), or some error occurred.2 - The --timeout option was given and no events occurredin the specified interval of time.Events:access file or directory contents were readmodify file or directory contents were writtenattrib file or directory attributes changedclose_write file or directory closed, after being opened inwriteable modeclose_nowrite file or directory closed, after being opened inread-only modeclose file or directory closed, regardless of read/write modeopen file or directory openedmoved_to file or directory moved to watched directorymoved_from file or directory moved from watched directorymove file or directory moved to or from watched directorycreate file or directory created within watched directorydelete file or directory deleted within watched directorydelete_self file or directory was deletedunmount file system containing file or directory unmounted
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]#常用选项包括：
- -m：以持续监视模式运行，即持续监视文件并输出事件。
- -r：递归监视指定目录及其子目录中的文件。
- -e
<event>：指定要监视的特定事件类型。可以使用多个 -e 选项来指定多个事件类型。 - -q：静默模式，只输出事件信息。
- -s
<seconds>：设置事件之间的最小时间间隔。
使用 inotifywait 命令时，它会持续监视指定的文件或目录，并在事件发生时输出相关信息。可以根据需要处理输出，例如执行其他命令或触发脚本。
示例
监视单个文件的事件：
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# inotifywait -e modify -e create a1.txt
Setting up watches.
Watches established.以上命令将监视 myfile.txt 文件的修改和创建事件。
监视单个目录的事件：
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# inotifywait -e modify -e create /root
Setting up watches.
Watches established.以上命令将监视 mydir/ 目录中文件的修改和创建事件。
监视多个文件或目录的事件：
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# touch a1.txt
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# touch a2.txt
[root@VM-24-3-centos ~]# inotifywait -e modify -e create a1.txt a2.txt /root
Setting up watches.
Watches established.
^C以上命令将同时监视 a1.txt、a2.txt 和 mydir/ 中的文件的修改和创建事件。
如果监视的是目录，则 inotifywait 命令也会观察该目录中的子目录。可以使用 -r 选项来递归地监视目录及其子目录中的文件。
#!/bin/bash
# 指定监控目录
directory="/root"
# 监控目录下的文件变更
while inotifywait -r -m -e create,modify $directory; do# 处理文件变更事件echo "File event: $?"inotifywait -r -e create,modify $directory | while read line; do# 输出事件详细信息echo "$line"done
done
